pnenzi
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Ngspice F.A.Q.Version 1.0 |
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Maintened by Paolo Nenzi <p.nenzi@ieee.org> |
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Last update: 05/12/2001 |
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|
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This document contains the Frequently Asked Questions (and Answers) |
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for ngspice project. |
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______________________________________________________________________ |
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|
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NG-Spice F.A.Q. |
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Frequently Asked Questions |
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(and Answers) |
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Table of Contents |
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|
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Maintened by Daniele Foci <d.foci@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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Last update: 29/08/1999 |
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|
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|
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CONTENTS |
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|
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1. INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL INFORMATION |
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1.1 What is NG-Spice? |
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1.1 What is ngspice? |
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1.2 Why resurrecting Berkeley's Spice? |
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1.3 What is the project's goal? |
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1.4 What you are going to do? |
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1.5 Legal issues |
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1.6 What mailing lists exist for NG-Spice? |
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1.6 What mailing lists exist for ngspice? |
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1.7 Are the mailing lists archived anywhere? |
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1.8 What newsgroups exist for NG-Spice? |
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1.9 Where can I get a copy of NG-Spice? |
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1.10 Where should I look on the World Wide Web for NG-Spice stuff? |
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1.8 What newsgroups exist for ngspice? |
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1.9 Where can I get a copy of ngspice? |
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1.10 Where should I look on the World Wide Web for ngspice stuff? |
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1.11 Where should I look on the World Wide Web for Spice documentation? |
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|
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2. DEVELOPMENT |
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2.1 What is the current version? |
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2.2 What are the latest features in the current release? |
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2.3 What does it look like? |
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2.4 Who are the authors of ng-spice ? |
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2.4 Who are the authors of ngspice? |
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2.5 How can I report a bug/request for a feature? |
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2.6 How can I join the development? |
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|
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3. SOLUTIONS TO COMMON MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS |
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3.1 What systems are supported? |
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3.2 I get errors when I try to compile the source code, why? |
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3.3 This document didn't answer my question. Where else can I look for |
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an answer? |
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3.3 This document didn't answer my question. Where else can I look for an answer? |
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|
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4. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
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4.1 Feedback |
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4.2 Formats in which this FAQ is available |
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4.3 Authorship and acknowledgements |
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4.4 Disclaimer and Copyright |
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|
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
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1. INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL INFORMATION |
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______________________________________________________________________ |
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|
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1.1 What is NG-Spice? |
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11.. IINNTTRROODDUUCCTTIIOONN AANNDD GGEENNEERRAALL IINNFFOORRMMAATTIIOONN |
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|
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NG-spice is the name of a project and of a program in the project. Spice is |
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the famous circuit simulator developed by the CAD Group of the University |
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of California at Berkeley (UCB). The NG prefix has a lot of meanings: Next |
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Generation, New Good, etc. Choose or invent the one you prefer. The NG-spice |
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project aims to improve the capabilities of the Spice3 circuit simulator. |
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The heart of the project is the ng-spice program, a circuit simulator |
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derived from spice3f5. |
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|
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1.2 Why resurrecting Berkeley's Spice? |
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|
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Berkeley's Spice can be considered the father of most circuit simulators |
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available today. It is an old but still good piece of software, it may not |
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be the fastest or the most reliable but it's free, it's available in |
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source code and most of the electrical simulators inherited it's syntax. |
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On the more technical side, spice3 uses good numerical algorithms |
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( most commercial implementations have only strengthened them), implements |
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most of the models for MOSFET submicron designs and has a powerful set of |
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analyses. On the more "social" side, spice3 it's well introduced in the |
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academic environment. |
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11..11.. WWhhaatt iiss nnggssppiiccee?? |
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|
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Ngspice is the name of a project and of a program in the project. |
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Spice is the famous circuit simulator developed by the CAD Group of |
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the University of California at Berkeley (UCB). The NG prefix has a |
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lot of meanings: Next Generation, New Good, etc. Choose or invent the |
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one you prefer. The ngspice project aims to improve the capabilities |
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of the Spice3 circuit simulator. The heart of the project is the |
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ngspice program, a circuit simulator derived from spice3f5. |
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|
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|
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11..22.. WWhhyy rreessuurrrreeccttiinngg BBeerrkkeelleeyy''ss SSppiiccee?? |
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|
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Berkeley's Spice can be considered the father of most circuit |
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simulators available today. It is an old but still good piece of |
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software, it may not be the fastest or the most reliable but it's |
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free, it's available in source code and most of the electrical |
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simulators inherited it's syntax. On the more technical side, spice3 |
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uses good numerical algorithms (most commercial implementations have |
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only strengthened them), implements most of the models for MOSFET |
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submicron designs and has a powerful set of analyses. On the more |
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"social" side, spice3 it's well introduced in the academic |
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environment. |
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|
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|
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11..33.. WWhhaatt iiss tthhee pprroojjeecctt''ss ggooaall?? |
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|
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1.3 What is the project's goal? |
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|
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The final goal of NG-spice project is to develop a reliable, fast and |
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The final goal of ngspice project is to develop a reliable, fast and |
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friendly circuit simulator for mixed signal/mixed level simulation. |
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Easy isn't it ;-). |
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Easy isn't it? ;-). |
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|
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1.4 What you are going to do? |
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|
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The NG-spice project is divided in two main overlapping phases. The first |
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phase is strictly pertinent to the spice3f5 code: during this phase the |
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original spice3f5 code will be "cleaned" and corrected and small improvements |
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made to it. In phase one the Autoconf interface will replace the Berkeley's |
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one and this will lead to a different structure of the sources. |
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The second phase is the development of improvements in the ngspice code |
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(the old spice3f5 code cleaned and corrected) and of some programs that will |
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interface with it, like a schematic editor and a waveform viewer. A list of |
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proposed improvements follows: |
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|
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1) The framework (or Graphic User Interface): |
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Spice is (and should continue to be) a command line or a text tool, but |
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this makes very difficult to design large circuits. To overcome this |
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difficulty, a schematic entry tool and a waveform viewer tools are needed. |
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Nevertheless, there are other tools that can be useful: a parts database, |
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an editor which higlights the syntax, a symbol editor, etc. |
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Most of these program already exists in the open source world, so they |
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need only to be integrated in a common EDA environment. |
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|
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2) Documentation: |
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Commercial simulators have very good manuals with tutorials, models |
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equations explained, example of use, suggestions, etc. This line of |
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development has the task of providing the final spice user with an ordered |
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and comprehensive set of information on the program and its features. |
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The documentation should be useful for the student as well as for the |
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circuit professional. |
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|
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3) Improvements to the Spice code: |
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This is the hard part. The target of this direction is to make ngspice a |
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commercial grade simulator. This means improving it's speed, its |
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numerical strenght, include the latest models available and some other |
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important features: |
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|
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* Numerical Algorithms: |
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- More stable algorithms for integration (as Runge-Kutta Methods). |
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- Better convergence in Operating Point Calculation replacing the |
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Newton-Raphson algorithm, a modified version of Fixed-Point |
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Homotopy. |
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|
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* Devices: |
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- Behavioral device: enhance the B device of spice3 to accepts IF THEN |
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ELSE conditions, and digital keywords like DELAY, |
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HIGHV, LOWV, etc. to simulate simple digital |
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device. |
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- Dynamically Loadable Devices: reduce the memory occupied by the |
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simulator by using shared object code |
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for devices. Each device is a .so |
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library that is inserted only if the |
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circuit contains an element modeled by |
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the device. If we are simulating CMOS, |
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we do not need BJT or SOI (in most of |
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the situations). |
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- Code Level Modeling: let users write their devices in C and use |
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them in the simulator. |
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- Improving device: include additional parameters to some devices as |
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HDIF, LDIF, etc. |
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|
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* New types of analysis, oriented to circuits syntesis and optimization: |
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- Network analysis: given four nodes, extract z,y,s and the other |
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double bipole paramters. |
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- Monte Carlo analysis: statistical simulation based on device |
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11..44.. WWhhaatt yyoouu aarree ggooiinngg ttoo ddoo?? |
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|
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|
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We are going to develop a circuit simulation program. The line of |
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development follows two parallel paths: |
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|
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1. EEnnhhaanncceemmeennttss aanndd bbuugg--ffiixxiinngg ooff tthhee oorriiggiinnaall ssppiiccee33ff55 ccooddee.. |
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|
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2. DDeevveellppppmmeenntt ooff aa nneeww GGPPLL''eedd ssiimmuullaattoorr.. |
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|
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The first phat will lead to a better spice3f5 and nothing more than |
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this, while the second one will bring us a new simulator, |
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compatible with its father but more expandable and presumably |
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faster and numerically stronger. |
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|
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There is another project in ngspice: the development of one or more |
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frontend to the new simulator. One of the key issues of our project is |
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to let users design the front end they want, using the widget set and |
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the language they prefer. For this reason ngspice differs a lot from |
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spice3f5: in ngspice there is a clear distinction between the front |
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end and the back end. In ngspice the front end takes care of the |
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interaction with the user. It is back-end's task to maintain the |
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object database, to exchange data with the simulator, etc. |
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|
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There are various improvements we are planning, some follows: |
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|
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1. TThhee ffrraammeewwoorrkk ((oorr GGrraapphhiicc UUsseerr IInntteerrffaaccee)):: Spice is (and should |
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continue to be) a command line or a text tool, but this makes very |
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difficult to design large circuits. To overcome this difficulty, a |
|||
schematic entry tool and a waveform viewer tools are needed. |
|||
Nevertheless, there are other tools that can be useful: a parts |
|||
database, an editor which higlights the syntax, a symbol editor, |
|||
etc. Most of these program already exists in the open source world, |
|||
so they need only to be integrated in a common EDA environment. |
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|
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2. DDooccuummeennttaattiioonn:: Commercial simulators have very good manuals with |
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tutorials, models equations explained, example of use, suggestions, |
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etc. This line of development has the task of providing the final |
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spice user with an ordered and comprehensive set of information on |
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the program and its features. The documentation should be useful |
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for the student as well as for the circuit professional. |
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|
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3. IImmpprroovveemmeennttss ttoo tthhee SSppiiccee ccooddee:: This is the hard part. The target |
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of this direction is to make ngspice a commercial grade simulator. |
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This means improving it's speed, its numerical strenght, include |
|||
the latest models available and some other important features: |
|||
|
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+o Numerical Algorithms: |
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|
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+o More stable algorithms for integration (as Runge-Kutta |
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Methods (?) ). |
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|
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+o Better convergence in Operating Point Calculation adding a |
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modified version of Fixed-Point Homotopy to the Newton- |
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Raphson algorithm, |
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|
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+o Devices: |
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|
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+o Behavioral device: enhance the B device of spice3 to accepts |
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IF THEN ELSE conditions, and digital keywords like DELAY, |
|||
HIGHV, LOWV, etc. to simulate simple digital macromodels. |
|||
|
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+o Dynamically Loadable Devices: reduce the memory occupied by |
|||
the simulator by using shared object code for devices. Each |
|||
device is a .so library that is inserted only if the circuit |
|||
contains an element modeled by the device. If we are |
|||
simulating CMOS, we do not need BJT or SOI (in most of the |
|||
situations). |
|||
|
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+o Code Level Modeling: let users write their devices in C and |
|||
use them in the simulator. |
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|
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+o Improving device: include additional parameters to some |
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devices as HDIF, LDIF, etc. |
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|
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+o New types of analysis, oriented to circuits syntesis and |
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optimization: |
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|
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+o Network analysis: given four nodes, extract z,y,s and the |
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other double bipole paramters. |
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|
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+o Monte Carlo analysis: statistical simulation based on device |
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tolerances. |
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- Worst Case analysis: find the worst case of operation of a given |
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circuit based on device tolerances. |
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- Parametric analysis: repeat an analysis when one or more parameters |
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assumes different values. |
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|
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* Faster handling of sparse matrices. |
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+o Worst Case analysis: find the worst case of operation of a |
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given circuit based on device parameters tolerances. |
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|
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* Possibility to mesure circuit pameters, like the delay between two |
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nodes, etc. |
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+o Parametric analysis: repeat an analysis when one or more |
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parameters assumes different values. |
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|
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* ... whatever else can be judged useful. |
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+o Faster handling of sparse matrices. |
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|
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+o Possibility to mesure circuit pameters, like the delay between |
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two nodes, etc. |
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|
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1.5 Legal issues |
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+o Whatever else can be judged useful. |
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|
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|
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11..55.. LLeeggaall iissssuueess |
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|
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The improved spice3f5 will be relased under the original Berkeley's |
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lincese. The new simulator will be released as GPL. Make ngspice a GPL |
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program, allow us to link a lot of good code laying on the net and |
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obviously contribute to the GPL community. |
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|
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[not written yet: GPL vs. Berkeley] |
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|
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1.6 What mailing lists exist for NG-Spice? |
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11..66.. WWhhaatt mmaaiilliinngg lliissttss eexxiisstt ffoorr nnggssppiiccee?? |
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|
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Only one. Send an empty message to <ng-spice-help@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> to |
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have information on subscription. |
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There are three mailing lists dedicated to the ngspice project. Send |
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an empty message to the following addresses to get information on |
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subscription. <ngspice-users-help@lists.sourceforge.net> |
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|
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1.7 Is the mailing lists archived anywhere? |
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<ngspice-devel-help@lists.sourceforge.net> |
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|
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Yes, the list is archived. Send an empty message to |
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<ng-spice-help@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> to have information on how to retrieve |
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old messages. |
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|
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1.8 What newsgroups exist for NG-Spice? |
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<ngspice-frontends-help@lists.sourceforge.net> |
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|
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|
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|
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11..77.. AArree tthhee mmaaiilliinngg lliissttss aarrcchhiivveedd aannyywwhheerree?? |
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Yes, the list are archived. Look at the project's web site to access |
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archives. |
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|
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|
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11..88.. WWhhaatt nneewwssggrroouuppss eexxiisstt ffoorr nnggssppiiccee?? |
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|
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None. Sorry. |
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1.9 Where can I get a copy of NG-Spice? |
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|
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You can download NG-Spice from: |
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ftp://ieee.ing.uniroma1.it/pub/ng-spice/distribution/ |
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11..99.. WWhheerree ccaann II ggeett aa ccooppyy ooff nnggssppiiccee?? |
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|
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1.10 Where should I look on the World Wide Web for NG-Spice stuff? |
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You can download ngspice from: |
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|
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There is a WWW page for NG-Spice. The URL is: |
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http://geda.seul.org under the tools section. |
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<http://sourceforge.net/projects/ngspice> |
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|
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2. DEVELOPMENT |
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11..1100.. WWhheerree sshhoouulldd II llooookk oonn tthhee WWoorrlldd WWiiddee WWeebb ffoorr nnggssppiiccee ssttuuffff?? |
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|
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2.1 What is the current version? |
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Look at the official NG-Spice Web Page |
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<http://ngspice.sourceforge.net> |
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|
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0.3 (released on 30/08/1999) |
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|
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2.2 What are the latest features in the current release? |
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11..1111.. WWhheerree sshhoouulldd II llooookk oonn tthhee WWoorrlldd WWiiddee WWeebb ffoorr SSppiiccee ddooccuummeennttaa-- |
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ttiioonn?? |
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|
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* New features: |
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- Autoconf interface. |
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- BSIM 3.2.2 Model. |
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- PS jfet Model (jfet level 2). |
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- Temperature and resistance sweeps. |
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- "spec" command for spectrum analysis. |
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50 Circuits analyzed with SPICE |
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<http://www.dacafe.com/DACafe/EDATools/EDAbooks/SpiceHandBook/01_TOC.html> |
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|
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<http://www.dacafe.com/DACafe/EDATools/EDAbooks/SMPS/SMPS.htm> |
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|
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22.. DDEEVVEELLOOPPMMEENNTT |
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|
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* Bug fixes: |
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- Altermod command connected to the parser. |
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- Some memory leaks closed. |
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- Spice3f5 fixes available on the net. |
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|
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2.3 What does it look like ? |
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|
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22..11.. WWhhaatt iiss tthhee ccuurrrreenntt vveerrssiioonn?? |
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|
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rework-14 (released on 10/12/2001) |
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|
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|
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22..22.. WWhhaatt aarree tthhee llaatteesstt ffeeaattuurreess iinn tthhee ccuurrrreenntt rreelleeaassee?? |
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|
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New features: |
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|
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+o New functions for vectors: vecmax (find max element in a vector), |
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vecmin (find minimum element in a vector), vecd (differentiate a |
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vector). |
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|
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+o BSIM 4 and support EKV models. |
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|
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Bug fixes: |
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|
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+o Some memory leaks closed. |
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|
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+o Error reporting more verbose |
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|
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|
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|
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22..33.. WWhhaatt ddooeess iitt llooookk lliikkee?? |
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This is a command line utility, no screenshots! |
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|
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2.4 Who are the authors of ng-spice ? |
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|
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22..44.. WWhhoo aarree tthhee aauutthhoorrss ooff nnggssppiiccee?? |
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|
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The development is open to anyone who wish to contribute. |
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People who contributed are: |
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|
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* Daniele Foci <d.foci@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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* Paolo Nenzi <pnenzi@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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* Arno Peters <A.W.Peters@ieee.org> |
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* Serban-Mihai Popescu <serbanp@ix.netcom.com> |
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* Emmanuel Rouat <emmanuel.rouat@wanadoo.fr> |
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* Michael Widlok <widlok@uci.agh.edu.pl> |
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|
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This list is surely incomplete (due to open development group), there are |
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many people who contributed with improvements, pieces of code, bux fixes, |
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etc. If you have contributed and do not appear, write to: |
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ng-spice@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it |
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|
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People who contributed are (in alphabetical order): |
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|
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+o Daniele Foci <dfoci@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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|
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+o Paolo Nenzi <pnenzi@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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|
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+o Arno Peters <A.W.Peters@ieee.org> |
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|
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+o Serban-Mihai Popescu <serbanp@ix.netcom.com> |
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|
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+o Emmanuel Rouat <emmanuel.rouat@wanadoo.fr> |
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|
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+o Michael Widlok <twidlok@uci.agh.edu.pl> |
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|
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|
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This list is surely incomplete (due to open development group), there |
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are many people who contributed with improvements, pieces of code, bug |
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fixes, etc. If you have contributed and do not appear, write to: |
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|
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<ng-spice@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it> |
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|
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and ask to be included. |
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|
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2.5 How can I report a bug/request for a feature? |
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|
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Write in the mailing list. |
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22..55.. HHooww ccaann II rreeppoorrtt aa bbuugg//rreeqquueesstt ffoorr aa ffeeaattuurree?? |
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|
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2.6 How can I join the development? |
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Look at the projects summary page: ngspice summary page |
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|
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To join the development just code the feature you want to add and send your |
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patch in the mailing list. Before you start coding check the latest |
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development release of NG-Spice from our CVS. It might be that your feature |
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has already been implemented. |
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To access the anonymous CVS do the following: |
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|
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1) Install cvs on your machine (version 1.9.x - 1.10.x are just fine). |
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2) Set one of the following environment variables: |
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For bash: |
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export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it:/var/services/cvsroot |
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For csh/tcsh: |
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setenv CVSROOT :pserver:anonymous@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it:/var/services/cvsroot |
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3) Login to the cvs server by running: |
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$> cvs login |
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The password is 'guest' (without the quotes of course). You will only |
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have to do this once. |
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4) Checkout the appropriate files executing the following commands: |
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$> mkdir somedirectory |
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$> cd somedirectory |
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$> cvs co ng-spice |
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5) Wait for the cvs logout. |
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22..66.. HHooww ccaann II jjooiinn tthhee ddeevveellooppmmeenntt?? |
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|
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To join the development just code the feature you want to add and send |
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your patch in the mailing list. Before you start coding check the |
|||
latest development release of ngspice from our CVS. It might be that |
|||
your feature has already been implemented. |
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|
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|
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33.. SSOOLLUUTTIIOONNSS TTOO CCOOMMMMOONN MMIISSCCEELLLLAANNEEOOUUSS PPRROOBBLLEEMMSS |
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|
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3. SOLUTIONS TO COMMON MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS |
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|
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3.1 What systems are supported? |
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|
|||
33..11.. WWhhaatt ssyysstteemmss aarree ssuuppppoorrtteedd?? |
|||
|
|||
This is the updated list: |
|||
|
|||
Hardware O.S. Compiler Functional? |
|||
---------------- ------------------ -------------- ----------- |
|||
i386 Linux (RedHat) gcc yes |
|||
i386 Linux (Debian) gcc yes |
|||
Hardware O.S. Version Compiler Functional? |
|||
---------------- ----------------------- -------------- ----------- |
|||
???? HP-UX 10.10 gcc 2.95.2 yes |
|||
IBM Risc 6000 ??? lcc no |
|||
i386 Debian GNU/Linux 2.1 gcc 2.7.2 yes |
|||
i386 Red Hat Linux 5.2 gcc 2.7.2 yes |
|||
i386 SuSE Linux 6.0 gcc 2.7.2 yes |
|||
i386 Linux (SuSE) gcc yes |
|||
IBM Risc 6000 AiX lcc no |
|||
SUN Solaris 7 gcc yes |
|||
SUN Solaris 7 SUN Workshop ? |
|||
UltraSPARC Solaris 7 gcc yes |
|||
UltraSPARC Solaris 7 SUN Workshop ? |
|||
|
|||
|
|||
3.2 I get errors when I try to compile the source code, why? |
|||
|
|||
MS-Dos, VMS and MacOS are no longer supported. |
|||
|
|||
|
|||
33..22.. II ggeett eerrrroorrss wwhheenn II ttrryy ttoo ccoommppiillee tthhee ssoouurrccee ccooddee,, wwhhyy?? |
|||
|
|||
[not written yet] |
|||
|
|||
3.3 This document didn't answer my question. Where else can I look for |
|||
an answer? |
|||
|
|||
Read old messages from the mailing list archive, search the web site or read |
|||
the docs. Upgrade to the latest version of NG-Spice, many problems are fixed |
|||
in the new versions. If you still can't find an answer, post your question |
|||
to the mailing list. |
|||
33..33.. TThhiiss ddooccuummeenntt ddiiddnn''tt aannsswweerr mmyy qquueessttiioonn.. WWhheerree eellssee ccaann II llooookk |
|||
ffoorr aann aannsswweerr?? |
|||
|
|||
Read old messages from the mailing list archive, search the web site |
|||
or read the docs. Upgrade to the latest version of ngspice, many |
|||
problems are fixed in the new versions. If you still can't find an |
|||
answer, post your question to the mailing list. |
|||
|
|||
4. ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
|||
|
|||
4.1 Feedback |
|||
44.. AADDMMIINNIISSTTRRAATTIIVVEE IINNFFOORRMMAATTIIOONN AANNDD AACCKKNNOOWWLLEEDDGGEEMMEENNTTSS |
|||
|
|||
Send your comments about this F.A.Q. to <d.foci@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it>. |
|||
Send your comments about NG-Spice to <ng-spice@ieee.ing.uniroma1.it>. |
|||
|
|||
4.2 Formats in which this FAQ is available |
|||
44..11.. FFeeeeddbbaacckk |
|||
|
|||
This document is available only in ASCII format in the NG-Spice source |
|||
Send your comments about this F.A.Q. to: |
|||
|
|||
Paolo Nenzi <p.nenzi@ieee.org>. |
|||
|
|||
Send your comments about ngspice to: |
|||
|
|||
Paolo Nenzi <p.nenzi@ieee.org>. |
|||
|
|||
|
|||
44..22.. FFoorrmmaattss iinn wwhhiicchh tthhiiss FFAAQQ iiss aavvaaiillaabbllee |
|||
|
|||
This document is available only in ASCII format in the ngspice source |
|||
package. |
|||
|
|||
4.3 Authorship and acknowledgements |
|||
|
|||
44..33.. AAuutthhoorrsshhiipp aanndd aacckknnoowwlleeddggeemmeennttss |
|||
|
|||
Parts of the questions and answers are originate from Paolo Nenzi. |
|||
|
|||
4.4 Disclaimer and Copyright |
|||
|
|||
This document is provided as is. The information in it is not warranted to |
|||
be correct: you use it at your own risk. |
|||
44..44.. DDiissccllaaiimmeerr aanndd CCooppyyrriigghhtt |
|||
|
|||
This document is provided as is. The information in it is not |
|||
warranted to be correct: you use it at your own risk. |
|||
|
|||
|
|||
|
|||
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